Also, launched japanese American pink foxes have colonized southern California, the San Joaquin Valley, and San Francisco Bay Area, but surface to have combined with the Sacramento Valley red fox (V. v. patwin) solely in a slender hybrid zone. In 2010, a distinct 46th subspecies, the Sacramento Valley pink fox (V. v. patwin), which inhabits the grasslands of the Sacramento Valley, was discovered by way of mitochondrial haplotype research.